European Development

2012 forthcoming. ‘Contract Enforcement, Institutions and Social Capital: the Maghribi Traders Reappraised’, Economic History Review [with J. S. S. Edwards].

2012. ‘What Lessons for Economic Development Can  We Draw from the Champagne Fairs?’. Explorations in Economic History [with J. S. S. Edwards].

2011. Institutions and European Trade: Merchant Guilds, 1000-1800 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).

2008. ‘Contract Enforcement, Institutions and Social Capital: the Maghribi Traders Reappraised’, CESifo Working Papers, 2254 (with Jeremy Edwards).
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2004. ‘ The Use and Abuse of Trust: Social Capital and its Deployment by Early Modern Guilds’, Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftsgeschichte, 2004:4. 

2004. ‘Social Capital and Collusion: The Case of Merchant Guilds (Long Version)’, Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 0417 (with Roberta Dessi). [This version is 76 pages; it includes more empirical examples, a fuller discussion, and precise page references to a more copious secondary literature.]
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2003. ‘Social Capital and Collusion: The Case of Merchant Guilds’, CESifo Working Papers, 1037. [This version is 35 pages.] 
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2000. ‘The European Economy in the Eighteenth Century’, in T. W. C. Blanning (ed.), The Short Oxford History of Europe, Vol. XII: The Eighteenth Century: Europe 1688-1815 (Oxford), 91-130.
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1999. ‘The German State: A Non-Prussian View’, in E. Hellmuth & J. Brewer (eds.), Rethinking Leviathan: The Eighteenth-Century State in Britain and Germany (Oxford), 167-202.
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1996. European Proto-industrialization (Cambridge) (with M. Cerman).
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1994. Protoindustrialisierung in Europa: Industrielle Produktion vor dem Fabrikszeitalter (Vienna) (with M. Cerman).
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1992. ‘Germany and the Seventeenth-Century Crisis’, Historical Journal 35, 417-441.
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